GLOSSARY (SOCIAL SCIENCE) UNIT 3

State = the supreme public power within a sovereign political entity

Sovereignty = the authority to rule over an area. In a democracy, the people have sovereignty because they vote for the government

Constitution = a collection of country's fundamental laws that shape the government, institutions and rights and obligations of the citizens.

Democracy = a government  in which the people have power, exercised either directly or through elected representatives

Monarchy = the king or the queen is the head of the state

Dictatorship = a system of government in which one person with absolute power governs. They are supported by a political party, an ethnic group or army

Globalisation = the integration and development of a world wide economic system( of institutions, markets...

Regional = is a territory that usually has a strong economy and a well-defined social and cultural identity

Cultural diversity = the quality of diverse or different culture

Universal Suffrage = a system of a democratic elections whereby all citizens of voting age can participate regardless of their gender or economic situation

Legislative power = to make and vote laws and control the government. This lies with the parliament

Executive power = to execute the laws and set state policy. This lies with the government

Judicial power = to apply the law, that is, judge and punish citizens who break it. This lies with the tribunals

Supranational = beyond the authority of one national government

Mass culture = a world wide characteristic by similar patterns of consumption

UN = a supranational organisation composed for over 190 member states. It was found in 1945 to promote peace, security and economic development

NGO = an entity with humanitarian and social aims

Civil servant = the people that dedicated to different functions, such as justice, health, teaching, finance and public works.

Justice = What should be done according to the law or reason

Liberty = the power of choosing, thinking, and acting for oneself; freedom from control or restriction

Subsidiarity =  the principle of devolving decisions to the lowest practical level

Culture = is the collection of common customs, knowledge and ways of living that a group recognise as their own, and something that differentiates them from other groups

Multiculturalism = the coexistence of diverse culture within a community

Interculturalism = promotes the coexistence of different groups of human because cultural relations enrich everybody

Referendum = submission of an issue of public ideas importance to the direct vote of the electorate

Election = the selection by vote of a person or persons from Among candidates for a position, esp a political office